2023年夫子廟導(dǎo)游詞200字(7篇)

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夫子廟導(dǎo)游詞200字篇一

夫子廟景區(qū)的古建筑群由孔廟、學(xué)宮、江南貢院等組成，六朝至明清時(shí)，世家大族多聚于夫子廟一帶，素有“六朝金粉地”之稱，為江南文化樞紐之地，是秦淮風(fēng)光的核心地帶。夫子廟街市是中國(guó)著名的傳統(tǒng)古街市。每年的春節(jié)至元宵節(jié)期間在夫子廟舉行的金陵燈會(huì)是南京春節(jié)最重要的活動(dòng)之一。

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夫子廟始建于宋景佑元年(1034年)，由東晉學(xué)宮舊址擴(kuò)建而成，稱文宣王廟。南宋建炎時(shí)為兵火所毀，紹興年間重建，為建康府學(xué)，同時(shí)建科舉考場(chǎng)江南貢院;元朝為集慶路學(xué)，明初為國(guó)子監(jiān)，后為應(yīng)天府學(xué);清朝成為江寧、上元兩縣縣學(xué)，同治八年(1869年)重建之后，于1937年遭侵華日軍焚燒而嚴(yán)重?fù)p毀。

1984年，市、區(qū)人民政府為保護(hù)古都文化遺產(chǎn)，經(jīng)有關(guān)專家科學(xué)論證和規(guī)劃，幾度撥?？睿瑲v數(shù)年的精心維修和復(fù)建。如今的夫子廟已煥然一新，再展輝煌。被譽(yù)為秦淮名勝而成為古城南京的特色景觀區(qū)，也是蜚聲中外的旅游勝地。1991年被國(guó)家評(píng)為“中國(guó)旅游勝地四十佳”之一。

夫子廟前以秦淮河為泮池，北岸由整石雕琢成的石欄建于明正德九年(1520_年)，是南京夫子廟保留最完好的古代建筑;南岸石磚墻為照壁，建于明萬歷三年(1575年)，長(zhǎng)110米，高10米;北岸廟前有聚星亭、思樂亭;中軸線上有欞星門、大成門、大成殿、明德堂、尊經(jīng)閣;廟東有魁星閣。

各位游客，我們現(xiàn)在就來到了夫子廟?！傲鸱鄣?，十里秦淮河”，指的就是南京城南夫子廟地區(qū)的秦淮河風(fēng)光帶，自六朝起，這里就是居民商業(yè)集中地，為古都繁華地帶。

我們現(xiàn)在站的地方是文德橋，這里有著名奇觀“文德半月”，秦淮河水從我們腳下緩緩渡過，“十里秦淮”就是指東水關(guān)至西水關(guān)的水道。

夫子廟又稱孔廟、文廟。它是祭祀我國(guó)古代著名的思想家、教育家孔子的地方。因?yàn)榭鬃釉诠糯蝗俗鸱Q為孔夫子，所以孔廟被稱為“夫子廟”。它集旅游、休閑、文化、商業(yè)為一體，展現(xiàn)了六朝古都的風(fēng)貌。

整個(gè)夫子廟建筑以大成殿為中心，從照壁至衛(wèi)山，都是在一條南北中樞線上成方位對(duì)稱的格局，具有典型的中國(guó)傳統(tǒng)建筑風(fēng)格。

文德橋之所以有半邊月的奇景，是因?yàn)樗c子午線的方向是一致的。大家向東看，有一堵紅墻，經(jīng)建于明代萬歷年間，是全國(guó)最大的照壁，長(zhǎng)110米，照壁起著遮蔽和裝飾作用。

這是盼池，當(dāng)時(shí)文人洗墨之處，也是失火取水之處。

池的東邊是魁星閣，魁在古代是保佑文人高中的星宿，有“魁星點(diǎn)斗，獨(dú)占鰲頭”之說。池的西邊是聚星亭，是天下群星聚集的地方，盼池的北邊是一個(gè)牌坊，這就是“天下文樞”坊，四個(gè)字意指天下文化聚集的中心。

游客們，我們穿過六柱三門的欞星門，就來到了大成門，在左右各有兩塊石碑，這就是“孔子問禮圖碑”，上面刻有孔子從山東到南京向老子虛心請(qǐng)教的情景，蹬上露臺(tái)，我們可以看到一尊孔子青銅雕像，高4.18米，這是我國(guó)最高的孔子銅像。在銅像之后就是孔廟的主體建筑大成殿，現(xiàn)在我們就到殿內(nèi)看一看。

首先，我們看到的是一幅孔子巨幅畫像，它高6.5米，寬3.15米，是我國(guó)最大的孔子畫像，畫像前是孔子四位門生的漢白玉雕像。

殿內(nèi)有38幅由翡翠、瑪瑙、黃金、雞血石為材料制作的“孔子圣跡圖”，它描述了孔子一生的生平事跡。

穿過大成殿來到學(xué)宮，這里是當(dāng)年秀才學(xué)習(xí)的地方，學(xué)宮的主體建筑是“明德堂”是南宋民族英雄文天袢所題，德指“忠信，忠于國(guó)家，取信于民”。

明德堂前有一鐘亭，內(nèi)有禮運(yùn)鐘，還有一鼓亭，內(nèi)有圣音鼓，是為紀(jì)念孔子2550周年所建，在明德堂后面還有尊經(jīng)閣、崇圣祠、青云樓等。

大成殿外東西兩側(cè)是東西市，是當(dāng)時(shí)進(jìn)行商品買賣的地方，它充分展現(xiàn)了明末清初街市風(fēng)貌，所以夫子廟特色還在于廟市合一。

夫子廟導(dǎo)游詞200字篇二

各位游客。

在昨天的游程中，我為大家安排游覽了中山陵、明孝陵、靈谷寺，總統(tǒng)府舊址等名勝古跡。

今天，我將帶大家到秦淮河、夫子廟去游覽。

秦淮河旅游區(qū)，位于南京老城區(qū)城南，從市區(qū)出發(fā)，坐汽車約需20分鐘才能到達(dá)。

它是一個(gè)以夫子廟為中心，集游覽、購(gòu)物、品嘗風(fēng)味于一體，展示古城風(fēng)貌和民族風(fēng)情的旅游地。

【秦淮河的由來和歷史變遷】

秦淮河，是一條曾對(duì)古城南京的政治、經(jīng)濟(jì)、文化發(fā)展起過重要作用的河流。

相傳秦淮河是秦始皇下令開鑿的一條人工運(yùn)河。

秦始皇東巡會(huì)稽，經(jīng)過南京時(shí)，為方便船只行駛，曾下令開鑿方山，使淮水與長(zhǎng)江溝通，因而這段河道得名“秦淮河”。

但據(jù)地質(zhì)考察證明，秦淮河是一條歷史悠久的天然河流，當(dāng)時(shí)這條古老的河流確是曾從方山經(jīng)過，但由于地理變遷，河流改道，逐漸形成了現(xiàn)在的河道。

歷史上的秦淮河，河道寬綽。

自五代吳王楊行密在長(zhǎng)干橋一帶筑石頭城以后，河道開始變窄，并被分隔成內(nèi)、外“秦淮”。

內(nèi)秦淮河由東水關(guān)人城，經(jīng)夫子廟，再由水西門南的西水關(guān)出城與外秦淮河匯合。

河流全長(zhǎng)10公里，這就是古往今來令無數(shù)文人墨客為之贊美傾倒、尋跡訪蹤的“十里秦淮”了。

唐朝大詩人李白、劉禹錫、杜牧等都曾為她寫下詩篇，孔尚任的《桃花扇》和吳敬樣的《儒林外史》中，也都對(duì)“十里秦淮”有過生動(dòng)的描寫。

古老的秦淮河與流經(jīng)南京城北的長(zhǎng)江相比，顯得十分渺小，但是它與南京城的誕生、發(fā)展，以及南京地區(qū)的政治、經(jīng)濟(jì)、文化發(fā)展有著極其密切的關(guān)系。

早在五六千年前的新石器時(shí)代，這里已有人類繁衍生息。

迄今為止，沿河兩岸發(fā)現(xiàn)的原始村落遺跡多達(dá)五六十處。

六朝和明初封建朝廷一直把它作為都城的一道天然屏障和皇宮所需的天然通道。

東吳孫權(quán)定都建業(yè)(南京)后，曾在秦淮河兩岸作“柵塘”，既可御敵，又可防洪。

從六朝時(shí)起，夫子廟一帶的秦淮河兩岸已是居民密集、市井相連的繁華之地，秦淮河充當(dāng)了南京地區(qū)對(duì)外貿(mào)易的主要航道，河中舟船穿梭，一派繁榮。

據(jù)說，舊時(shí)的秦淮河兩岸歌樓酒肆林立，河房水閣爭(zhēng)奇斗艷，游艇畫防燈火通明，富豪貴族在這里過著尋歡作樂、紙醉金迷的生活，勞動(dòng)人民，特別是廣大婦女卻是以淚洗面，飽嘗了人間的辛酸。

那時(shí)南京的大多集中在秦淮河兩岸。

清代戲劇家孔尚任在《桃花扇》中描寫的不畏權(quán)貴的名妓李香君，她就居住在秦淮河南岸的文德橋畔。

美麗的秦淮河曾流淌過蠻荒時(shí)代的寂寞，六朝以來的繁華和奢靡，舊社會(huì)的污垢和勞動(dòng)人民的血淚，甚至還溶有南京大屠殺的血腥。

然而，今天的秦淮河，經(jīng)過了歷史的沉淀和人民的改造，已散發(fā)著健康文明的馨香，展現(xiàn)了清澈動(dòng)人的風(fēng)姿。

它是南京歷史的見證，難怪人們慣于把“秦淮”當(dāng)作南京的代名詞。

【秦淮畫舫—伴池—夫子廟照壁—廟前廣場(chǎng)—欞星門】

各位游客：現(xiàn)在我們來到了秦淮河畔，河中的畫防都是仿照明代建筑風(fēng)格制造的，船頭掛有大紅彩球和紅燈籠。

每當(dāng)元宵節(jié)南京人習(xí)慣來這里游玩賞燈。

這種風(fēng)氣在明代就已盛行，據(jù)說明朝建都后，朱元津微服巡察京城。

當(dāng)他來到秦淮河畔，看到兩岸綠樹成蔭，河水清澈，亭臺(tái)樓閣，風(fēng)景宜人，隨口說了句：“惜河中缺游船。

”皇帝開了金口，左右就連夜差人趕造畫舫，以博取皇帝歡心。

從此，秦淮畫訪成了這里的一大特色。

尤其到了中秋佳節(jié)時(shí)分，更是河上水燈萬盞齊放，兩岸龍燈飛舞，歌聲、鼓聲、歡聲、笑聲，連綿不絕，通宵達(dá)旦，真可謂“秦淮燈火甲天下”。

難怪南京有“家家走橋，人人看燈”的民諺。

我們眼前的這段秦淮河，自宋以后就成了夫子廟(孔廟)成泮池，又稱月牙他。

古時(shí)候皇帝講學(xué)的學(xué)宮叫辟雍，諸侯講學(xué)成學(xué)宮叫泮宮，夫子廟的學(xué)宮相當(dāng)于諸侯講學(xué)的地方，所以這池稱“泮池”夫子廟導(dǎo)游詞夫子廟導(dǎo)游詞。

泮池上一般建有三座石橋，按等級(jí)而論，縣官、學(xué)官走中間一座，秀才走兩邊的橋。

相傳古時(shí)候有位秀才誤上中橋，有犯上作亂之罪，進(jìn)退兩難，只好自己跳進(jìn)了泮池。

再請(qǐng)各位看河對(duì)岸的一段朱紅色石磚墻，這就是夫子廟的照壁。

照壁建于明萬歷三年(歷澤年)，長(zhǎng)達(dá)110米，為全們照壁之冠。

各位游客：這座夫子廟始建于東晉成帝咸康三年(337年)，當(dāng)時(shí)成帝采納了王導(dǎo)的建議：“治國(guó)以培育人才為重”，決定立大學(xué)于秦淮河畔。

原來只建有學(xué)宮，孔廟是宋仁宗景拍元年(1034年)在學(xué)富基礎(chǔ)上擴(kuò)建而成的。

所以夫子廟是一個(gè)由文教中心演變而成的繁華鬧市，它包括夫子廟、學(xué)宮和貢院三大主要建筑群，其范圍南臨秦淮河北岸，北抵建康路東端，東起姚家巷，西止四福巷，規(guī)模龐大。

夫子廟雖屢遭破壞，但各代都加以興修擴(kuò)建，到清末民初，其樓閣、殿宇的結(jié)構(gòu)和布局堪稱東南之冠。

現(xiàn)在的夫子廟建筑，～部分是清代末年重建的，一部分是近幾年重建的。

請(qǐng)大家回頭看，這座樓閣式建筑，叫做奎星閣，它初建于清乾隆年間。

這座臨街傍水的建筑曾兩次被毀，1985年重建。

現(xiàn)在我們來到了清代開辟的廟前廣場(chǎng)，廣場(chǎng)東西兩端豎有兩塊碑，高有一丈許，上面刻有滿漢兩種文字“文武大臣至此下馬”，表示對(duì)圣人孔子的崇敬。

左側(cè)的這座六角重檐亭子叫“聚星亭”，“聚星”取群星集中，人才薈萃之意。

建于明萬歷十四年(1586年)，也曾幾經(jīng)興廢，到清同治八年(1869年)才由江寧鄉(xiāng)賢朱芙峰等人籌資重建。

這是一座在日軍炮火中惟一幸存的清代建筑，可惜在1968年被當(dāng)作“四舊”拆除，1983年又得以重建，恢復(fù)了原來的風(fēng)貌。

廣場(chǎng)正中的這座牌坊，叫“天下文樞坊”。

請(qǐng)大家繼續(xù)隨我往前走。

這座門叫欞星門，這是孔廟的廟門。

據(jù)傳榻星是天上主管教化的星宿，他得人方便高興。

門是石結(jié)構(gòu)的，六柱三門，建于明成化十六年(1480年)，后來被毀，又于清同治九年(1870年)重建。

不過，現(xiàn)在所見到的極星門是1983年再次重建的夫子廟。

極星門東西兩側(cè)便是東市、西市。

【大成門—大成殿—學(xué)宮】

各位游客：走過欞星門，便是孔廟的正門，叫大成門，也叫戟門。

門內(nèi)側(cè)有石碑四塊。

第一塊是《孔子問禮圖碑》，刻于南朝齊永明二年(484年)。

記載了春秋末年奴隸制衰亡之際，孔子出于對(duì)周王朝禮樂制度的崇拜，抱著興國(guó)安邦、濟(jì)世訪賢的愿望，于魯昭公二十四年(公元前518年)，從家鄉(xiāng)曲阜去周王城洛陽考察典章制度，尋求鞏固魯國(guó)奴隸主政權(quán)辦法的經(jīng)歷。

碑的上半部有“孔子問禮圖，吳敬恒題”的題字。

圖中是二人駕車，一組身穿古裝人物在城門前歡迎的場(chǎng)面，還有“永明二年，孔子在魯人周門禮周流”的字樣。

這塊碑已有1500多年的歷史了，圖文仍清晰可辨，是難得的珍貴文物。

第二塊碑是《集慶孔廟碑》，碑文是元朝至大二年(1309年)重建孔廟時(shí)由盧摯撰寫的，到元至順元年(1330年)，由純齋王公書寫刻石。

第三塊碑是《封四氏碑》，講的是元至順二年，文宗皇帝詔示：加封顏回、曾參(孔子的兩個(gè)弟子)、孔極(孔子的孫子)、孟軻(孔子的再傳弟子)為四亞圣之事。

第四塊碑是《封至圣夫人碑》，講的是元至順二年(1331年)，文宗皇帝頒旨加封孔子之妻為至圣夫人之事。

廟院兩側(cè)是碑廊(原來是供奉孔門七十二賢人牌位的地方)，廊內(nèi)陳列了當(dāng)代書法名家的碑刻30塊。

現(xiàn)在，請(qǐng)大家隨我從中間的石雨道走。

在進(jìn)大成殿前，我先給大家介紹一下殿前的這個(gè)露天臺(tái)子，這是祭祀和歌舞的地方。

古時(shí)每年二月、八月的第一個(gè)丁日和孔子誕辰這一天(農(nóng)歷八月二十七日)，地方官吏都要在孔廟舉行盛大的祭掃活動(dòng)。

祭祀采用的是酉周奴隸主祭天地鬼神的禮儀，在大成殿前擺上仿青銅器做的祭器，上供牛2頭、豬16頭、羊16頭，以及大量布帛菽粟、干鮮果品、香紙蠟燭等。

主祭人要穿特制的古裝祭服，宣讀祭文，向孔子及“四配”(孔子高徒)、“十二哲”(孔家子弟)牌位行三拜九叩禮，還配有樂隊(duì)和舞隊(duì)表演，以歌頌孔子，所以大成殿前要設(shè)舞臺(tái)。

現(xiàn)在請(qǐng)各位游客隨我進(jìn)人孔廟主殿——大成殿。

這是一座氣勢(shì)巍峨，重檐廡殿頂，屋脊中央有雙龍戲珠立雕的建筑。

這種規(guī)格的建筑在全國(guó)也是屈指可數(shù)的。

“大成”意思是孔子集古圣先賢思想之大成。

大成殿內(nèi)原先正中供奉的是孔子和他的四位高徒，兩旁是孔家子弟塑像十二尊。

現(xiàn)在的大成殿已被辟為“南京鄉(xiāng)土文化博物館”。

請(qǐng)大家再往前走，這里便是夫子廟的學(xué)宮。

門楣上方原來有“學(xué)宮”匾額，門外柏木牌坊，牌坊上題有“東南第一學(xué)”。

牌坊的北面是四周圍有木欄的花圃，左右有四書齋，是學(xué)子自修讀書的地方。

這四齋名稱分別是“志道”、“據(jù)德”、“依仁”、“游藝”。

后面是明德堂，這座建筑建于南宋紹興九年(1139年)，堂名為文天祥所書。

明德堂是學(xué)子集會(huì)的地方，每月朔望(農(nóng)歷初一和十五)朝圣后，學(xué)子在此集會(huì)，訓(xùn)導(dǎo)師宣講圣教和上諭。

東墻有“臥碑”，就是訓(xùn)教的法規(guī)。

左右橫梁上懸掛著江寧府所屬六縣舉貢員生題額。

我們眼前的這座建筑是梨香閣，原來是祭祀孔子父母的崇圣祠，現(xiàn)改為游樂場(chǎng)了。

東面那座建筑是青云樓，它建于明萬歷十四年(1586年)，是供把歷代督學(xué)使的祠堂，初建時(shí)為三層樓，因?yàn)榕R近貢院，為防止有人從樓上偷看貢院，清代時(shí)改建成二層樓，上層用作藏書，下層是閱覽室。

清末廢除科舉后，改為小學(xué)，民國(guó)初年改為江寧縣教育會(huì)，抗戰(zhàn)時(shí)被用作開茶館、歌場(chǎng)，戰(zhàn)后曾先后作為民眾教育館和南京市通志館夫子廟導(dǎo)游詞導(dǎo)游。

這也是舊學(xué)宮保留下來的為數(shù)不多的建筑之一。

各位游客：參觀完學(xué)宮建筑后，我們?cè)偃⒂^一下夫子廟的另一座古建筑群——貢院。

【貢院街—貢院—明遠(yuǎn)樓】

現(xiàn)在我們所站的地方便是貢院街，那條與貢院街相交的南北向街道就是貢院西街，貢院街北面就是古代時(shí)南京規(guī)模龐大的考試場(chǎng)——貢院。

貢院建于南宋乾道四年(1168年)，是縣府考試場(chǎng)所。

明太祖朱元津定都南京后，這里成了鄉(xiāng)試、會(huì)試場(chǎng)所。

明永一樂十九年(1421年)遷都北京，但南京仍作為陪都，加上江南又是人文基本之地，考試仍在這里按期舉行。

明成祖繼續(xù)派人建造江南貢院，明清兩代對(duì)貢院不斷擴(kuò)建，到清光緒時(shí)，貢院規(guī)模之大，已成為當(dāng)時(shí)23個(gè)行省的貢院之最。

對(duì)此，我只要告訴大家一個(gè)數(shù)字，你就可想而知了——到清代同治年間，已建供考試用的“號(hào)舍”有20644間，且還不包括司考官員、職司人員的辦公住宿用房。

可惜現(xiàn)存貢院建筑已屈指可數(shù)，明遠(yuǎn)樓就是保存下來的貢院建筑之一，而其他大部分已被辟為市場(chǎng)。

現(xiàn)在，我們所見的這座三層建筑，就是明遠(yuǎn)樓了。

樓呈四方形，四面設(shè)窗，地處貢院中心，在此可以監(jiān)視考生和貢院內(nèi)執(zhí)役人員。

“明遠(yuǎn)”的意思就是“慎終追遠(yuǎn)、明德歸原”，封建王朝教育士子以“孝梯忠義”為立身之本。

考生考完后，“金榜”就張貼在前面的貢院街

清末廢除科舉后，貢院也隨之失去了原來的作用。

1919年除留下明遠(yuǎn)樓和一部分號(hào)舍建筑用以陳列歷史文物外，其余一并拆除，辟為市場(chǎng)。

明遠(yuǎn)樓下的《金陵貢院遺跡碑》詳細(xì)地記載了這一史實(shí)。

各位游客：關(guān)于夫子廟我就介紹到這里。

如果大家有興趣的話，可以去逛一下夫子廟的東市、西市，同時(shí)也可選購(gòu)一些喜愛的工藝品和旅游紀(jì)念品，還可以去西街一帶品嘗夫子廟的風(fēng)味小吃，夫子廟可謂是全國(guó)聞名的小吃薈萃之地。

夫子廟導(dǎo)游詞200字篇三

今天，我將帶大家到秦淮河、夫子廟去游覽。秦淮河旅游區(qū)，位于南京老城區(qū)城南，從市區(qū)出發(fā)，坐汽車約需20分鐘才能到達(dá)。它是一個(gè)以夫子廟為中心，集游覽、購(gòu)物、品嘗風(fēng)味于一體，展示古城風(fēng)貌和民族風(fēng)情的旅游地。

秦淮河的由來和歷史變遷

秦淮河，是一條曾對(duì)古城南京的政治、經(jīng)濟(jì)、文化發(fā)展起過重要作用的河流。相傳秦淮河是秦始皇下令開鑿的一條人工運(yùn)河。秦始皇東巡會(huì)稽，經(jīng)過南京時(shí)，為方便船只行駛，曾下令開鑿方山，使淮水與長(zhǎng)江溝通，因而這段河道得名"秦淮河"。但據(jù)地質(zhì)考察證明，秦淮河是一條歷史悠久的天然河流，當(dāng)時(shí)這條古老的河流確是曾從方山經(jīng)過，但由于地理變遷，河流改道，逐漸形成了現(xiàn)在的河道。歷史上的秦淮河，河道寬綽。自五代吳王楊行密在長(zhǎng)干橋一帶筑石頭城以后，河道開始變窄，并被分隔成內(nèi)、外"秦淮"。內(nèi)秦淮河由東水關(guān)人城，經(jīng)夫子廟，再由水西門南的西水關(guān)出城與外秦淮河匯合。河流全長(zhǎng)10公里，這就是古往今來令無數(shù)文人墨客為之贊美傾倒、尋跡訪蹤的"十里秦淮"了。唐朝大詩人李白、劉禹錫、杜牧等都曾為她寫下詩篇，孔尚任的《桃花扇》和吳敬樣的《儒林外史》中，也都對(duì)"十里秦淮"有過生動(dòng)的描寫。古老的秦淮河與流經(jīng)南京城北的長(zhǎng)江相比，顯得十分渺小，但是它與南京城的誕生、發(fā)展，以及南京地區(qū)的政治、經(jīng)濟(jì)、文化發(fā)展有著極其密切的關(guān)系。早在五六千年前的新石器時(shí)代，這里已有人類繁衍生息。迄今為止，沿河兩岸發(fā)現(xiàn)的原始村落遺跡多達(dá)五六十處。六朝和明初封建朝廷一直把它作為都城的一道天然屏障和皇宮所需的天然通道。東吳孫權(quán)定都建業(yè)(南京)后，曾在秦淮河兩岸作"柵塘"，既可御敵，又可防洪。從六朝時(shí)起，夫子廟一帶的秦淮河兩岸已是居民密集、市井相連的繁華之地，秦淮河充當(dāng)了南京地區(qū)對(duì)外貿(mào)易的主要航道，河中舟船穿梭，一派繁榮。據(jù)說，舊時(shí)的秦淮河兩岸歌樓酒肆林立，河房水閣爭(zhēng)奇斗艷，游艇畫防燈火通明，富豪貴族在這里過著尋歡作樂、紙醉金迷的生活，清代戲劇家孔尚任在《桃花扇》中描寫的不畏權(quán)貴的名妓李香君，她就居住在秦淮河南岸的文德橋畔。美麗的秦淮河曾流淌過蠻荒時(shí)代的寂寞，六朝以來的繁華和奢靡，舊社會(huì)的污垢和勞動(dòng)人民的血淚，然而，今天的秦淮河，經(jīng)過了歷史的沉淀和人民的改造，已散發(fā)著健康文明的馨香，展現(xiàn)了清澈動(dòng)人的風(fēng)姿。它是南京歷史的見證，難怪人們慣于把"秦淮"當(dāng)作南京的代名詞。

秦淮畫舫-伴池-夫子廟照壁-廟前廣場(chǎng)-欞星門

各位游客：

現(xiàn)在我們來到了秦淮河畔，河中的畫防都是仿照明代建筑風(fēng)格制造的，船頭掛有大紅彩球和紅燈籠。每當(dāng)元宵節(jié)南京人習(xí)慣來這里游玩賞燈。這種風(fēng)氣在明代就已盛行，據(jù)說明朝建都后，朱元津微服巡察京城。當(dāng)他來到秦淮河畔，看到兩岸綠樹成蔭，河水清澈，亭臺(tái)樓閣，風(fēng)景宜人，隨口說了句："惜河中缺游船。"皇帝開了金口，左右就連夜差人趕造畫舫，以博取皇帝歡心。從此，秦淮畫訪成了這里的一大特色。尤其到了中秋佳節(jié)時(shí)分，更是河上水燈萬盞齊放，兩岸龍燈飛舞，歌聲、鼓聲、歡聲、笑聲，連綿不絕，通宵達(dá)旦，真可謂"秦淮燈火甲天下"。難怪南京有"家家走橋，人人看燈"的民諺。我們眼前的這段秦淮河，自宋以后就成了夫子廟(孔廟)成泮池，又稱月牙他。古時(shí)候皇帝講學(xué)的學(xué)宮叫辟雍，諸侯講學(xué)成學(xué)宮叫泮宮，夫子廟的學(xué)宮相當(dāng)于諸侯講學(xué)的地方，所以這池稱"泮池"。泮池上一般建有三座石橋，按等級(jí)而論，縣官、學(xué)官走中間一座，秀才走兩邊的橋。相傳古時(shí)候有位秀才誤上中橋，有犯上作亂之罪，進(jìn)退兩難，只好自己跳進(jìn)了泮池。再請(qǐng)各位看河對(duì)岸的一段朱紅色石磚墻，這就是夫子廟的照壁。照壁建于明萬歷三年(歷澤年)，長(zhǎng)達(dá)110米，為全們照壁之冠。各位游客：這座夫子廟始建于東晉成帝咸康三年(337年)，當(dāng)時(shí)成帝采納了王導(dǎo)的建議："治國(guó)以培育人才為重"，決定立大學(xué)于秦淮河畔。原來只建有學(xué)宮，孔廟是宋仁宗景拍元年(1034年)在學(xué)富基礎(chǔ)上擴(kuò)建而成的。所以夫子廟是一個(gè)由文教中心演變而成的繁華鬧市，它包括夫子廟、學(xué)宮和貢院三大主要建筑群，其范圍南臨秦淮河北岸，北抵建康路東端，東起姚家巷，西止四福巷，規(guī)模龐大。夫子廟雖屢遭破壞，但各代都加以興修擴(kuò)建，到清末民初，其樓閣、殿宇的結(jié)構(gòu)和布局堪稱東南之冠?，F(xiàn)在的夫子廟建筑，～部分是清代末年重建的，一部分是近幾年重建的。請(qǐng)大家回頭看，這座樓閣式建筑，叫做奎星閣，它初建于清乾隆年間。這座臨街傍水的建筑曾兩次被毀，1985年重建?，F(xiàn)在我們來到了清代開辟的廟前廣場(chǎng)，廣場(chǎng)東西兩端豎有兩塊碑，高有一丈許，上面刻有滿漢兩種文字"文武大臣至此下馬"，表示對(duì)圣人孔子的崇敬。左側(cè)的這座六角重檐亭子叫"聚星亭"，"聚星"取群星集中，人才薈萃之意。建于明萬歷十四年(1586年)，也曾幾經(jīng)興廢，到清同治八年(1869年)才由江寧鄉(xiāng)賢朱芙峰等人籌資重建。這是一座在日軍炮火中惟一幸存的清代建筑，可惜在1968年被當(dāng)作"四舊"拆除，1983年又得以重建，恢復(fù)了原來的風(fēng)貌。廣場(chǎng)正中的這座牌坊，叫"天下文樞坊"。請(qǐng)大家繼續(xù)隨我往前走。這座門叫欞星門，這是孔廟的廟門。據(jù)傳榻星是天上主管教化的星宿，他得人方便高興。門是石結(jié)構(gòu)的，六柱三門，建于明成化十六年(1480年)，后來被毀，又于清同治九年(1870年)重建。不過，現(xiàn)在所見到的極星門是1983年再次重建的。極星門東西兩側(cè)便是東市、西市。

大成門-大成殿-學(xué)宮

各位游客：

走過欞星門，便是孔廟的正門，叫大成門，也叫戟門。門內(nèi)側(cè)有石碑四塊。第一塊是《孔子問禮圖碑》，刻于南朝齊永明二年(484年)。記載了春秋末年奴隸制衰亡之際，孔子出于對(duì)周王朝禮樂制度的崇拜，抱著興國(guó)安邦、濟(jì)世訪賢的愿望，于魯昭公二十四年(公元前520xx年)，從家鄉(xiāng)曲阜去周王城洛陽考察典章制度，尋求鞏固魯國(guó)奴隸主政權(quán)辦法的經(jīng)歷。碑的上半部有"孔子問禮圖，吳敬恒題"的題字。圖中是二人駕車，一組身穿古裝人物在城門前歡迎的場(chǎng)面，還有"永明二年，孔子在魯人周門禮周流"的字樣。這塊碑已有1500多年的歷史了，圖文仍清晰可辨，是難得的珍貴文物。第二塊碑是《集慶孔廟碑》，碑文是元朝至大二年(1320xx年)重建孔廟時(shí)由盧摯撰寫的，到元至順元年(1330年)，由純齋王公書寫刻石。第三塊碑是《封四氏碑》，講的是元至順二年，文宗皇帝詔示：加封顏回、曾參(孔子的兩個(gè)弟子)、孔極(孔子的孫子)、孟軻(孔子的再傳弟子)為四亞圣之事。第四塊碑是《封至圣夫人碑》，講的是元至順二年(1331年)，文宗皇帝頒旨加封孔子之妻為至圣夫人之事。廟院兩側(cè)是碑廊(原來是供奉孔門七十二賢人牌位的地方)，廊內(nèi)陳列了當(dāng)代書法名家的碑刻30塊?，F(xiàn)在，請(qǐng)大家隨我從中間的石雨道走。在進(jìn)大成殿前，我先給大家介紹一下殿前的這個(gè)露天臺(tái)子，這是祭祀和歌舞的地方。古時(shí)每年二月、八月的第一個(gè)丁日和孔子誕辰這一天(農(nóng)歷八月二十七日)，地方官吏都要在孔廟舉行盛大的祭掃活動(dòng)。祭祀采用的是酉周奴隸主祭天地鬼神的禮儀，在大成殿前擺上仿青銅器做的祭器，上供牛2頭、豬16頭、羊16頭，以及大量布帛菽粟、干鮮果品、香紙蠟燭等。主祭人要穿特制的古裝祭服，宣讀祭文，向孔子及"四配"(孔子高徒)、"十二哲"(孔家子弟)牌位行三拜九叩禮，還配有樂隊(duì)和舞隊(duì)表演，以歌頌孔子，所以大成殿前要設(shè)舞臺(tái)?，F(xiàn)在請(qǐng)各位游客隨我進(jìn)人孔廟主殿--大成殿。這是一座氣勢(shì)巍峨，重檐廡殿頂，屋脊中央有雙龍戲珠立雕的建筑。這種規(guī)格的建筑在全國(guó)也是屈指可數(shù)的。"大成"意思是孔子集古圣先賢思想之大成。大成殿內(nèi)原先正中供奉的是孔子和他的四位高徒，兩旁是孔家子弟塑像十二尊。現(xiàn)在的大成殿已被辟為"南京鄉(xiāng)土文化博物館"。請(qǐng)大家再往前走，這里便是夫子廟的學(xué)宮。門楣上方原來有"學(xué)宮"匾額，門外柏木牌坊，牌坊上題有"東南第一學(xué)"。牌坊的北面是四周圍有木欄的花圃，左右有四書齋，是學(xué)子自修讀書的地方。這四齋名稱分別是"志道"、"據(jù)德"、"依仁"、"游藝"。后面是明德堂，這座建筑建于南宋紹興九年(1139年)，堂名為文天祥所書。明德堂是學(xué)子集會(huì)的地方，每月朔望(農(nóng)歷初一和十五)朝圣后，學(xué)子在此集會(huì)，訓(xùn)導(dǎo)師宣講圣教和上諭。東墻有"臥碑"，就是訓(xùn)教的法規(guī)。左右橫梁上懸掛著江寧府所屬六縣舉貢員生題額。我們眼前的這座建筑是梨香閣，原來是祭祀孔子父母的崇圣祠，現(xiàn)改為游樂場(chǎng)了。東面那座建筑是青云樓，它建于明萬歷十四年(1586年)，是供把歷代督學(xué)使的祠堂，初建時(shí)為三層樓，因?yàn)榕R近貢院，為防止有人從樓上偷看貢院，清代時(shí)改建成二層樓，上層用作藏書，下層是閱覽室。清末廢除科舉后，改為小學(xué)，民國(guó)初年改為江寧縣教育會(huì)，抗戰(zhàn)時(shí)被用作開茶館、歌場(chǎng)，戰(zhàn)后曾先后作為民眾教育館和南京市通志館。這也是舊學(xué)宮保留下來的為數(shù)不多的建筑之一。各位游客：參觀完學(xué)宮建筑后，我們?cè)偃⒂^一下夫子廟的另一座古建筑群--貢院。

夫子廟導(dǎo)游詞200字篇四

hello, everyone! today we are going to visit the confucius temple on thebank of qinhuai river. speaking of confucius temple, we have to talk aboutqinhuai river, the mother river of nanjing people. qinhuai river, also known ashuaishui, xiaojiang and longzangpu, is the ancient origin of nanjing culture. itenters the city from dongshuiguan and leaves the city from xishuiguan. it flowsthrough the section about ten li in front of the confucius temple, so it iscalled "ten li qinhuai". from ancient times to the present, both sides of theqinhuai river are a prosperous scene. du mu"s poem in the tang dynasty says:"smoke cage, cold water cage, sand cage, night mooring qinhuai near therestaurant. business women do not know the hatred of national subjugation, butthey still sing "the flowers in the back court" across the river. afterliberation, with the vigorous construction of nanjing municipal government,today"s ten mile qinhuai river has become a national 5a scenic spot showing theunique style of jiangnan.

the confucius temple consists of confucius temple, academy and gongyuan. inthe eastern jin dynasty, the imperial court built the academy here; in the songdynasty, the confucius temple was expanded on the former site of the academy; inthe southern song dynasty, the imperial examination hall gongyuan was r, the confucius temple was destroyed and built five times in history. thelast one was destroyed in 1937 by the japanese invaders. today"s confuciustemple was rebuilt after 1984.

temple square (2 minutes)

dear tourists, now we come to the square in front of the confucius integration of temple and market is one of the most remarkablecharacteristics of confucius temple. the square is a temple in the verticaldirection and a city in the horizontal direction. the temple and market areintegrated into a unique atmosphere. the red wall behind you is called zhaobi,which has the functions of shielding, avoiding evil spirits and decoration. itis 110 meters long and is the largest in china. the semicircular pool in frontof zhaobi is called panchi. in ancient times, the place where the emperorlectured was called biyong, the school palace where the princes lectured wascalled panchi, and the school palace of confucius temple was equivalent to theplace where the princes lectured. therefore, this pool is called panchi. thebridge on the west side of panchi is called wende bridge, which is named for theconfucian advocating the moral of writing. because the direction of the bridgeis consistent with the meridian, it is cultivated every year around the 15th dayof november, the reflection of the bright moon in the sky will be divided intotwo parts by the shadow of the bridge. this spectacle is called "wende dividingthe moon". there is a star gathering pavilion on the west side of wende bridgesquare, which means "stars gather, talents gather". facing this large archway,it is the "world wenshu archway". the shape is four pillars and three doors,which means that it is the center of world culture. there is kuixing pavilion onthe south side of the archway. in ancient times, it was said that kuixing was asign of prosperity of literature and also a symbol of winning the first place inthe imperial examination. therefore, kuixing was regarded as a god by studentsof all ages. in the north of the square is the lingxing gate. it is said thatthe lingxing gate is the cultural star in the sky and the star cluster in chargeof education. the reason for its name is that it means that the scholars of theworld gather here.

dachengmen, terrace (1 minute)

dacheng gate is the main gate of dacheng hall and the main gate ofconfucius temple. in the ancient feudal hierarchy, only officials could go inand out from dacheng gate, while ordinary scholars could only go in and out fromthe side gate. two big characters, li and ren, are engraved on the walls on bothsides behind the door, which are the core of confucius" thought and his lifelonggoal. behind the dacheng gate and in front of the dacheng hall, there is acorridor. on both sides of the corridor, there are eight of the twelve studentsof confucius. they are all carved from white jade of han dynasty. they are minsang, ran geng, ran qiu, duanmu ci, ran yong, zai yu, yan yan yan and zhong the end of the corridor is a terrace, which is 1.4 meters high, 21.8 meterslong from east to west, and 14 meters wide from north to south. it is surroundedby stone railings. in front of the terrace are two dragon play pearls and danbistones, and on both sides are stone lamps. the terrace is a place for sacrifice,singing and dancing. in the middle of the terrace is a bronze statue ofconfucius. in front of the bronze statue is an iron censer, engraved with thetitle of "supreme saint and forerunner". with a height of 4.18 meters and aweight of 2.37 tons, the bronze statue is the largest one in the confuciantemples in china. on both sides of the terrace, there used to be two verandahs,which were used to worship the memorial tablets of the 72 sages of confucius andto store sacrificial, ceremonial and dancing utensils. now they are reduced tosmall two verandahs and changed into stele corridors. there are more than 30steles with ink marks of famous calligraphers such as zhao puchu, lin sanzhi andwu zhongqi for tourists to enjoy.

dacheng hall (2 minutes)

dacheng hall is the landmark of confucius temple, 16.22 meters high, 27.3meters wide and 27.9 meters deep. the words "dacheng hall" are written on thesea blue vertical plaque under the front eaves. there is a standing sculpture oftwo dragons playing with pearls on the roof of dacheng hall, which is the firstof its kind in china. the light and beautiful style of the roof covered withgreen tiles is obviously different from that of the northern confucius templewith yellow glazed tiles. it is more easygoing and popular, which is one of themanifestations of nanjing confucius temple closer to folk culture. in the centerof the hall, there is the largest portrait of confucius in china. on the top ofthe portrait are three plaques, all of which are written by emperors of pastdynasties. they are "model of the world" by kangxi, "with heaven and earth" byqianlong, and "si wen zai zi" by guangxu. in front of the portrait stand fourstudents of confucius, namely mencius, kongji, zengshen and yanhui. in front ofthe portrait are ancient musical instruments such as qin, guzheng and drum. onthe walls around, there are 38 inlaid murals reflecting confucius" life anddeeds, which are "the picture of confucius" miracles", carved by 200 craftsmenin yueqing, zhejiang province, using famous jade, chicken blood jelly, shoushanstone, gold, jewelry and other precious ornaments from zhejiang, fujian, innermongolia, guangdong, guangxi and other places. the total investment is 5.8million yuan, and the current value is more than 100 million yuan the 38 muralsare: the picture of the holy trace, the preface of the title, the prayer ofnishan, the book of qilin jade, the two dragons and five elders, etc.

inscriptions (1 minute)

from dacheng hall, the ancient well on the right is yutu spring. accordingto records, yutu spring was discovered and excavated by qin hui. beside thespring stands the stele of raising money for imperial examinations, whichrecords the history of li hongzhang and zuo zongtang"s donation of examinees"fees to beijing in the period of liangjiang governor. on the other side, thereare four steles, the most famous of which is the stele of confucius asking forrites, which was carved in the southern dynasty. it records the story ofconfucius seeking for rites from laozi in luoyang, the city where the emperorlived from the state of lu to the state of zhou, when slavery was about tocollapse at the end of the spring and autumn period. in addition, it is the onlythree steles in nanjing, namely, the stele of jiqing confucius temple and thestele of fengzhishengfu the stele of man and the stele of fengsi.

a school: school gate (30 seconds), mingde hall (1 minute 30 seconds),zunjing pavilion and its surroundings (1 minute)

the academy is located in the rear of dacheng hall. it is inscribed on thelintel of the gate in the south by zeng guofan, and on the lintel of the gate inthe north by qin dashi, the number one scholar in the southeast. entering thegate of the academy, you can see a bell and a drum standing in the two pavilionson the left and right. on the forehead of the pavilions are the words "xi li"and "yang sheng", which were used by scholars to worship confucius in ancienttimes.

facing the gate of the school is mingde hall, whose name is inscribed bywen tianxiang. mingde hall is the place where students gather. after thepilgrimage every month, students gather here to teach their tutors to preach theholy doctrine and the imperial edict, so as to cultivate their loyalty andpatriotism. ming de tang was originally named "ming lun tang". when the yuanarmy was about to conquer nanjing, wen tianxiang changed "ming lun tang" to"ming de tang" by hand in order to show his determination to die rather thansurrender and his ambition to serve the country and the people.

the zunjing pavilion behind mingde hall is three stories high, with doubleeaves and t-shaped ridges on the top of the mountain. it was a lecture hallwhere confucian classics were stored and lectures were given. now it is a museumof folk customs. standing side by side with zunjing pavilion are chongshengtemple and qingyun tower. zunjing academy is divided into two sides behindzunjing pavilion. chongsheng temple was originally dedicated to confucius"ancestors, but now it is pear garden. qingyun building was changed into alibrary in the qing dynasty. zunjing academy is a place for lectures, which isequivalent to the present classroom. the small highland behind zunjing pavilionis called weishan, with jingyi pavilion built. the so-called "jingyi" is thedevotion to confucianism.

other (1 minute)

ladies and gentlemen, the confucius temple is prosperous during the day,and the confucius temple at night is even more colorful! as early as thenorthern and southern dynasties, there was a jinling lantern festival on theqinhuai river, and it reached its peak in the ming dynasty. the qinhuai river inthe sound of oars and lights is unique in the world. today"s confucius templefollows the huizhou architectural style of "blue brick, small tile, horse headwall, cloister with falling flowers and windows". when tourists come here, theycan not only appreciate the traditional culture, but also taste the uniqueqinhuai snacks, explore the legend of qinhuai bayan, enjoy the scenery on bothsides of the strait by qinhuai boat, or explore the traces of celebrities suchas wuyi lane, former residence of wang dao xie"an and former residence of lixiangjun. this is the end of my explanation. thank you!

b gongyuan front street, mingyuan building (1 minute 30 seconds)

now we come to the front street of gongyuan. there are six statues standingin the street. they are all talented people from all dynasties. they are tangyin, wu chengen, zheng banqiao, wu jingzi, lin zexu and zhang jian. on the eastside of the sculpture, there are 11 stone tablets, which record the rise andfall of the gongyuan, as well as the praise, evaluation and chanting ofemperors, ministers and celebrities. in front of the front street is thegongyuan, on which there are couplets inscribed by li yu. it was built in thesouthern song dynasty and is specially used for holding imperial first, the number of examinees was small and the scale was not large. it wasonly used for the examination of government and county schools. when the numberof examinees increased, it even needed to borrow temples as temporaryexamination rooms. in the yongle period of the ming dynasty, the gongyuan wasrebuilt. later, the scale of nanjing gongyuan continued to expand. when it wasofficially named "jiangnan gongyuan" in the qing dynasty, it reached anunprecedented trend, starting from yaojiaxiang in the east, in the west, thereare more than 20000 houses, bordering on the qinhuai river in the south andjiankang road in the north. after the republic of china, gongyuan was today, only mingyuan building has been preserved as a historical an building was used for warning and giving orders in the past imperialexaminations. in the arch on the first floor, there are stone tablets of ming,qing and republic of china, which record the rise and fall of jiangnan gongyuanin detail and effectively preserve the scene of imperial examination hall infeudal times. in the 1980s, the relevant departments established "jiangnangongyuan exhibition hall" here.

dormitory (1 minute)

now more than 40 houses have been restored in gongyuan. in the order ofthousand characters, the houses are 6 feet high, 4 feet deep and 3 feet wide,with an area of no more than 1.5 square meters. there are only two boards ondisplay. examinees have to stay in it for 9 days and have three exams. eating,drinking and sleeping are all here. during the day, they answer questions on thechopping board, and at night, they close their clothes and sleep on the choppingboard. we can imagine the hardships of the examination in those years. in thewest side of gongyuan, wax figures were used to show the examinees" the east side was the tourist experience area. interested friends canexperience it.

to court (1 minute 30 seconds)

the imperial examination began in the sui and tang dynasties and ended inthe late qing dynasty, which lasted for 1300 years. in the ming and qingdynasties, it gradually formed four levels of examination, namely, children"sexamination, rural examination, general examination and palace examination. the"zhigong hall" you can see in front of you used to be the public land run by theexaminers. the word "zhigong" means "fair, just and equal". now it is theimperial examination exhibition room, which is divided into three exhibitionhalls: east, west and east. in the middle of the exhibition hall is the imperialexamination culture exhibition room, in which there is a sculpture of kuixing"sfighting and monopolizing the first place. the horizontal shape next to it showsthe situation of no it"s often spectacular. the pictures and materials on thewalls around introduce the origin and development of china"s imperialexamination system. the number one scholar hall on the east side displays a listof the number one scholar in china. on the west side is the hall of fame, whichdisplays celebrities related to jiangnan gongyuan, as well as some pictures andmaterials related to the imperial examination.

this concludes the explanation of confucius temple. thank you!

夫子廟導(dǎo)游詞200字篇五

各位游客，大家好!我們今天要參觀的是位于秦淮河畔的夫子廟。說起夫子廟，我們還得先來談?wù)勀暇┤说哪赣H河-----秦淮河。秦淮河又名淮水、小江、龍藏浦，是南京文化的古老淵源。它從東水關(guān)入城，從西水關(guān)出城，流經(jīng)夫子廟前的這一段長(zhǎng)約十華里，因此被稱為“十里秦淮”。從古至今，秦淮河的兩岸就是一派繁華的景象，唐人杜牧的詩是這樣說的：“煙籠寒水月籠沙，夜泊秦淮近酒家。商女不知亡國(guó)恨，隔江猶唱后庭花”，一首詩說盡了秦淮河的繁華。解放以后，經(jīng)過南京市政府的大力建設(shè)，今天的十里秦淮已成為展現(xiàn)江南特有風(fēng)貌的國(guó)家5a級(jí)風(fēng)景名勝區(qū)。

夫子廟共包括孔廟、學(xué)宮、貢院三大建筑群，東晉年間，朝廷在這里興建了學(xué)宮;宋代在東晉學(xué)宮的舊址上擴(kuò)建了夫子廟;南宋又開設(shè)了科舉考場(chǎng)----貢院。然而，夫子廟在歷史上曾經(jīng)五毀五建，最后一次是在1937年毀于侵華日軍的戰(zhàn)火，今天的夫子廟是1984年以后重新修建的。

廟前廣場(chǎng)(2分鐘)

各位游客，現(xiàn)在我們來到的是孔廟前的廣場(chǎng)。廟市合一是夫子廟最顯著的特點(diǎn)之一。廣場(chǎng)縱向?yàn)閺R，橫向?yàn)槭?，廟市合一，獨(dú)具氛圍。位于大家身后的這堵紅墻稱為照壁，具有遮蔽、避邪及裝飾的作用，全長(zhǎng)110米，是我國(guó)照壁之最。照壁前的這個(gè)半圓形的水池稱為泮池，古時(shí)皇帝講學(xué)的地方叫辟雍，諸侯講學(xué)的學(xué)宮叫泮宮，夫子廟的學(xué)宮等級(jí)相當(dāng)于諸侯講學(xué)的地方，所以這池便稱為泮池，位于泮池西側(cè)的這座橋叫文德橋，因儒家提倡文章道德而得名，由于橋向與子午線方向一致，因此每年農(nóng)歷十一月十五日子時(shí)左右，天上明月的倒影便會(huì)被橋影分成兩半，這一奇觀被稱為“文德分月”。文德橋畔廣場(chǎng)西側(cè)有一聚星亭，取“群星集中，人才薈萃”之意。迎面這個(gè)大牌坊，是“天下文樞坊”。造型為四柱三門，它的意思是說這里是天下文化的中心。牌坊南側(cè)有魁星閣，古有“奎主文章”之說，魁星是文運(yùn)興旺之兆，也是科舉考試奪魁的象征，因而，魁星被歷代學(xué)子奉為神靈。在廣場(chǎng)北方便是欞星門，相傳欞星是天上的文星，是主管教化的星宿，取名之由是表示天下文人學(xué)士集學(xué)于此的意思。

大成門、露臺(tái)(1分鐘)

大成門是大成殿的正門，也是夫子廟的正大門。在古代森嚴(yán)的封建等級(jí)制度下，只有官員可以從大成門出入，一般士子只能從旁門進(jìn)出。門后兩側(cè)墻壁上鐫刻兩個(gè)大字，分別為“禮”和“仁”，是孔子思想的核心，也是其本人畢生追求的目標(biāo)。在大成門后，大成殿前有一甬道，甬道兩旁立有孔子十二位門生中的八位，均由漢白玉雕刻而成，分別為閔損、冉耕、冉求、端木賜、冉庸、宰予、言偃和仲由。甬道的盡頭為露臺(tái)，高1.4米，東西長(zhǎng)21.8米，南北寬14米，四周圍以石欄，前有二龍戲珠丹陛石，兩側(cè)立有石燈，露臺(tái)是舉行祭祀和歌舞的地方，露臺(tái)正中有一尊孔子銅像，銅像前設(shè)有鐵香爐，上刻“至圣先師”是對(duì)孔子的尊稱。銅像高4.18米，重2.37噸，是國(guó)內(nèi)孔廟中最大的一尊銅像。露臺(tái)兩旁原是兩廡，是供奉孔門七十二賢人牌位和存放祭祀、儀禮、佾舞用具的處所，現(xiàn)縮為小兩廡，改為碑廊，陳列有趙樸初、林散之、武中奇等著名書法家墨跡的石碑30余塊，供游人欣賞。

大成殿(2分鐘)

大成殿是夫子廟的標(biāo)志性建筑，高16.22米，寬27.3米，進(jìn)深27.9米。正面屋檐下海藍(lán)色豎匾上書“大成殿”三個(gè)字。大成殿屋脊鴟吻中有二龍戲珠立雕，這在國(guó)內(nèi)同類建筑中屬首創(chuàng)之作，屋面覆蓋青色小瓦所體現(xiàn)的輕靈秀美之勢(shì)，與北方孔廟采用黃色琉璃瓦所體現(xiàn)的恢弘氣勢(shì)明顯不一樣，更顯隨和、入俗，這也是南京夫子廟更接近民俗文化的表現(xiàn)之一。殿中央陳列有國(guó)內(nèi)最大的孔子畫像，畫像上方掛三塊匾額都是出自歷代皇帝之手，分別為康熙所書“萬世師表”、乾隆所書“與天地參”以及光緒所書“斯文在茲”。在畫像前兩側(cè)立有孔子的四位門生，即孟子、孔汲、曾參、顏回，前面還有琴、古箏、鼓等古代樂器。在四周墻壁上有38幅反映孔子生平事跡的鑲嵌壁畫，為《孔子圣跡圖》，由浙江樂清200名匠師采用取自浙江、福建、內(nèi)蒙古、廣東、廣西等地的玉石、雞血凍、壽山石等石中名品及黃金、珠寶等貴重飾件，耗3年之工雕成，總投資580萬元人民幣，現(xiàn)價(jià)值人民幣1億多元，這38幅壁畫分別為：圣跡之圖、題首前言、尼山致禱、麒麟玉書、二龍五老等。

碑刻(1分鐘)

由大成殿出，右手邊的古井即玉兔泉，據(jù)記載，玉兔泉是由秦檜發(fā)現(xiàn)并挖掘的。泉旁側(cè)立有《籌措朝考盤費(fèi)碑》，記載了兩江總督時(shí)期李鴻章、左宗棠捐助考生進(jìn)京會(huì)考費(fèi)用的一段歷史。另一側(cè)還有四塊碑，其中最著名的是刻于南朝時(shí)期的《孔子問禮圖碑》，記載了春秋末期奴隸制即將瓦解之際，孔子為維護(hù)奴隸制從魯國(guó)到周天子所生活的城市洛陽尋訪典章制度，向老子請(qǐng)教問禮的故事，另外是南京市僅存的三塊元碑《集慶孔子廟碑》《封至圣夫人碑》和《封四氏碑》。

a學(xué)宮 ：學(xué)宮大門(30秒) 明德堂(1分30秒) 尊經(jīng)閣及其周邊(1分鐘)

學(xué)宮位于大成殿后方，南向門楣上書“大明國(guó)子學(xué)”，由曾國(guó)藩題寫，北向門楣上書“東南第一學(xué)”，由清乾隆時(shí)期文武雙科狀元秦大士題寫。走進(jìn)學(xué)宮大門，可以看見左右兩個(gè)亭子中豎有一鐘一鼓，亭額上分別寫有“習(xí)禮”“仰圣”四個(gè)字，是古時(shí)士子們用于祭拜孔子的。

正對(duì)著學(xué)宮大門的是明德堂，堂名由文天祥題寫，明德堂是學(xué)子集會(huì)的地方，每月朔望朝圣后，學(xué)子們便在此集會(huì)，訓(xùn)導(dǎo)師宣講圣教和上諭，以培養(yǎng)學(xué)子們忠君愛國(guó)的思想。明德堂原名“明倫堂”，當(dāng)年元軍即將攻克南京時(shí)，文天祥為了表明他寧死不屈的決心和效忠國(guó)家、報(bào)效民眾之志氣，親自手書改“明倫堂”為“明德堂”，故保留至今。

明德堂后的尊經(jīng)閣高三層，重檐丁字脊歇山頂，是當(dāng)年存放儒家典籍，教諭講課的講堂，現(xiàn)為民俗風(fēng)情陳列館。與尊經(jīng)閣并排而立的是崇圣祠和青云樓，尊經(jīng)書院分置尊經(jīng)閣后兩邊，崇圣祠原為專奉孔子先輩之所，現(xiàn)為梨園。青云樓在清朝時(shí)改為圖書館。尊經(jīng)書院為講課之所，相當(dāng)于現(xiàn)在的教室。尊經(jīng)閣后的小高地叫衛(wèi)山，建有敬一亭，所謂“敬一”就是對(duì)孔學(xué)的敬業(yè)之情。

其他(1分鐘)

各位游客，白天的夫子廟繁華熱鬧，晚上的夫子廟更是流光溢彩!早在南北朝時(shí)期，秦淮河上就又金陵燈會(huì)，明朝時(shí)更是達(dá)到了頂峰，槳聲燈影里的秦淮河，可謂天下一絕。今天的夫子廟沿襲了“青磚小瓦馬頭墻，回廊掛落花隔窗”的徽派建筑風(fēng)格。游客來到這里，不僅能夠領(lǐng)略傳統(tǒng)文化，還能飽嘗獨(dú)具風(fēng)味的秦淮小吃，探尋秦淮八艷的傳奇故事，乘上秦淮畫舫飽覽兩岸風(fēng)光或者去探尋烏衣巷、王導(dǎo)謝安故居、李香君故居等名人蹤跡，都是賞心樂事。我的講解到此結(jié)束，謝謝大家!

b貢院 前街、明遠(yuǎn)樓(1分30秒)

現(xiàn)在我們來到的是貢院前街，在街道中豎立著六尊人物雕像，他們都是歷朝歷代從這里走出去的才子，分別有唐寅、吳承恩、鄭板橋、吳敬梓、林則徐和張謇。在雕塑的東側(cè)，立有石碑11塊，記載著這座貢院的歷史興衰以及各朝皇帝、大臣、名士對(duì)貢院的贊譽(yù)、評(píng)價(jià)和題詠，前街正前方是貢院，貢院牌坊上有李漁題寫的楹聯(lián)，始建于南宋，是專門用于舉行科舉考試的場(chǎng)所。起初，應(yīng)試人數(shù)不多，規(guī)模也不大，僅僅供府、縣學(xué)的考試之用，偶遇考生增多的年份，甚至需要借用寺廟作為臨時(shí)考場(chǎng)，時(shí)至明永樂年間，重建了這座貢院，后南京貢院的規(guī)模不斷擴(kuò)大，待至清正式定名為“江南貢院”時(shí)，已達(dá)到空前之勢(shì)，形成了東起姚家巷，西至學(xué)宮、孔廟，南臨秦淮河，北抵建康路的方形整體，號(hào)舍多達(dá)兩萬多間。民國(guó)之后，貢院冷落，直至今日，只有明遠(yuǎn)樓作為歷史文物被保留了下來。明遠(yuǎn)樓是歷屆科舉考試時(shí)用于警戒和發(fā)號(hào)施令之所。一樓拱門內(nèi)保留有明、清和民國(guó)年間的石碑，詳盡記載了江南貢院的盛衰歷史，有效地保存了封建時(shí)代科舉考場(chǎng)的情景。20世紀(jì)80年代有關(guān)部門在此建立了“江南貢院陳列館”。

號(hào)舍(1分鐘)

現(xiàn)在貢院內(nèi)恢復(fù)了四十余間號(hào)舍，以千字文為序，號(hào)舍高6尺，深4尺，寬3尺，面積不超過1.5平方米，里面僅陳列一上一下兩塊板而已?？忌诶锩娲?天考上三場(chǎng)，吃喝拉撒睡考全在這里。白天他們?cè)诎赴迳洗鹁?，晚上就在案板上合衣而眠。我們可以想象?dāng)年考試的艱辛，貢院西側(cè)的號(hào)巷內(nèi)用蠟像展示了考生百態(tài)，東側(cè)為游客體驗(yàn)區(qū)，有興趣的朋友可以體驗(yàn)一下。

至公堂(1分30秒)

科舉始于隋唐，止于晚清，長(zhǎng)達(dá)1320xx年，在明清時(shí)期逐漸形成了童試、鄉(xiāng)試、會(huì)試、殿試四個(gè)等級(jí)的考試。前方大家看到的“至公堂”過去是主考官辦公地，至公二字取意考試“公平、公正、平等”，現(xiàn)在是科舉陳列室，分為東中西三個(gè)展廳，中間的展廳是科舉文化陳列室，內(nèi)有一尊魁星點(diǎn)斗、獨(dú)占熬頭的雕塑，旁邊的這組橫型展示了當(dāng)年?duì)钤咧锌珩R游街的情形，非常壯觀。四周墻壁上展出的圖片資料介紹了中國(guó)科舉制度的起源、發(fā)展。東側(cè)的狀元廳內(nèi)展出了中國(guó)歷代狀元名錄。而西側(cè)的是名人廳，里面展出了和江南貢院有關(guān)的名人，還有和科舉有關(guān)的一些圖片資料和實(shí)物資料。

關(guān)于夫子廟的講解就到此結(jié)束了，謝謝大家!

夫子廟導(dǎo)游詞200字篇六

夫子廟導(dǎo)游詞位于南京市健康路以南，主要指的是孔廟、學(xué)宮、貢院三大建筑群，但習(xí)慣上將圍繞這三大建筑群一帶的街道都稱做夫子廟。在東自平江府路

，西至瞻園路的約0.5平方公里的范圍內(nèi)有商場(chǎng)商店300多家、影劇院2家及諸多賓館及游樂場(chǎng)等，地下還有一個(gè)約10000平方米的

地下商業(yè)街?？梢哉f夫子廟是一個(gè)集旅游、文化、商業(yè)、餐飲、娛樂等多功能的服務(wù)中心。節(jié)假日的人流量達(dá)15萬人次以上，逢金陵燈會(huì)期間

更是盛況空前。東晉咸康三年，(337年)丞相王導(dǎo)在秦淮河北岸建學(xué)宮，這是夫子廟的最早建筑。宋明道元年(1032年)宋仁宗在學(xué)宮

前建孔廟，彌夫子廟。后因戰(zhàn)亂幾次被毀，幾次重建?，F(xiàn)在的建筑為1984年重新規(guī)劃修建起來的。它重現(xiàn)了明清時(shí)代江南街市的風(fēng)貌景觀

，一派古色古香?？讖R是祭祀孔子的地方，占地2.63萬平方米。照壁在秦淮河南岸，高10米、長(zhǎng)110米，壁頂覆小圓筒青瓦，四角略

翹，其長(zhǎng)度為我國(guó)照壁之最。河北岸有彎月形泮池，岸上還有一排明代建成的雕鏤石欄。石欄東邊是三層六面飛角的奎墾閣;北面是四柱三門

的文樞坊，中間上刻“天下文樞”四個(gè)金字;西面是重檐雕脊飛角的聚星亭，大成門前是六柱三門石砌的欞星門。此處建筑皆帶“星”字，意指

天下文曲星集于此地。大成門為古代抬梁穿斗式建筑，翹角龍脊，三門并立，每扇門上有45枚門釘及龍頭銜環(huán)。門內(nèi)左右兩側(cè)立南齊、元、宋

時(shí)期的石碑四塊，內(nèi)院兩側(cè)有廊連接大成殿。大成殿是孔廟的主體建筑，高16.2米、寬27.3米、深20.9米，七楹重檐，四坡

五脊，主脊上的雙龍戲珠立雕為國(guó)內(nèi)首創(chuàng)，加上全殿的56根巨型石往，巍峨壯觀。殿前丹墀正中立孔子銅像，高4.18米，為全國(guó)之冠。

東西兩側(cè)圍墻外是按明清風(fēng)格精心規(guī)劃設(shè)計(jì)的東西市場(chǎng)，以經(jīng)營(yíng)古玩玉器、文房四寶、名家字畫及旅游紀(jì)念品為主。學(xué)宮位于大成殿后，由明

德堂、尊經(jīng)閣、崇圣祠、青云樓等一組建筑組成，是古代州府的最高學(xué)府，明德堂是學(xué)宮的正堂，現(xiàn)辟為游樂場(chǎng)。由文樞坊向東左拐即可見到

一座斗拱飛檐的正方型三層木結(jié)構(gòu)建筑——明遠(yuǎn)樓。它是原江南貢院的中心建筑，是考試期間監(jiān)視考生和發(fā)布命令的地方。樓后院落兩側(cè)是仿明

清時(shí)科舉考試的號(hào)舍，號(hào)舍長(zhǎng)寬約1.5米，僅有上、下兩塊木板，上為桌、下為凳?？荚噹滋炜忌院人谶@狹小的空間內(nèi)，帶進(jìn)去的食

物全要檢查，連饅頭也要切開看，以防夾帶作弊。最盛時(shí)期，江南貢院占地7萬多平方米，號(hào)舍20644間，規(guī)模為全國(guó)貢院之首。明遠(yuǎn)樓現(xiàn)

稱“江南貢院遺址”，為省級(jí)文物保護(hù)單位。歷史上的夫子廟曾經(jīng)是一個(gè)畸型的繁華鬧市，特別是明清時(shí)期，每逢開科秋闈，上萬名(最多達(dá)

2萬多人)考生云集于此，于是書肆、茶館、客棧應(yīng)運(yùn)而生，酒樓妓院也就滋生蔓延。當(dāng)年秦淮河南岸的一些街巷即為富家子弟的“溫柔鄉(xiāng)”

、“銷金窟”。還出過不少名妓，如李香君、董小宛等被稱為“秦淮八艷”。今在鈔庫街38號(hào)重建了媚香樓，做為李香君故居對(duì)游人開放。

清代著名作家吳敬梓曾居住于秦淮河畔，歷經(jīng)20xx年，在此寫出了抨擊科舉制度的名著《儒林外史》。在他的故居——秦淮水亭的遺址上如今

建起了明清河廳河房式樣的建筑，為“秦淮人家”賓館。內(nèi)設(shè)拾風(fēng)堂，舉行仿古婚禮等民俗活動(dòng)。游覽夫子廟還可以順便品嘗秦淮風(fēng)味小吃，目

前已挖掘出傳統(tǒng)小吃品種100多個(gè)，加上洋快餐肯德基、麥當(dāng)勞，足可讓游人大快朵頤。金陵燈會(huì)更是遠(yuǎn)近聞名，名為農(nóng)歷正月十二上燈

，十八落燈，其實(shí)從年初一開始，買燈、賣燈和觀燈者即人如潮涌，各色彩燈達(dá)數(shù)十種，使人眼花綴亂，目不暇接。

夫子廟導(dǎo)游詞200字篇七

hello, everyone! welcome to nanjing confucius temple. the confucius templeis located on the bank of qinhuai river in the south of the city. it is ahistoric site and tourist attraction that nanjing people are proud of. it is aprosperous place where culture, commerce, sightseeing center and temple marketare integrated.

confucius temple, also known as confucius temple and confucian temple, is aplace to offer sacrifices to confucius, a famous educator and thinker in ius was honored as confucius in ancient times, so his temple is commonlyknown as "confucius temple". due to the orthodox status of confucianism, itsfounder confucius was highly respected by the rulers and scholars of feudalsociety. there were more than one confucius temples all over the country. as aplace for feudal scholars to worship, confucius temple is mostly arrangedtogether with educational facilities (such as school palace, gong yuan, etc.),that is, the so-called temple is attached to school, usually in front or on oneside of the school palace.

historically, there were three confucius temples in the urban area ofnanjing, one in the compound of the current municipal government and the otherin the chaotian palace. now we are going to visit the third and most famousplace. it was moved from chaotian palace in the first year of jingyou of songdynasty (1034). at first, it was jiankang school, jiqing road school in yuandynasty, guoxue in ming dynasty, yingtianfu school in qing dynasty, andjiangning school and shangyuan school in qing dynasty. it was destroyed in thexianfeng period, rebuilt in the tongzhi period (1869), and burned by thejapanese during the anti japanese war. the existing confucius temple was rebuiltin the early 1980s. it uses the former temple and the later school, confuciustemple in the front and the academy in the back, and the later gong yuan isarranged on the left side of the academy. therefore, the relatively completepattern of confucius temple in nanjing includes three parts, namely, confuciustemple, academy and gongyuan. the north-south central axis with dacheng hall asthe center and the main buildings on both sides and the jiangnan gongyuanexhibition hall with mingyuan building as the center have become the maintourist spots in the confucius temple area.

due to its long history and convenient water transportation, confuciustemple area has become a famous "beautiful place" and a place where celebritieslive in ancient nanjing before the appearance of confucius temple. therefore, inaddition to the main scenic spots mentioned above, there are also scenic spotssuch as wu jingzi"s former residence, ancient taoyedu, cuiyuan, one hundred yearold shop street, wendeqiao, wang xie"s former residence, wuyi lane, meixianglou,etc.

now we are standing at the starting point of the central axis of confuciustemple - confucius temple square. looking around, there are panchi, zhaobi andmufang in the south, juxing pavilion, kuiguang pavilion and business district inthe east and west, dacheng hall in the central axis and the east and west citieson the east and west sides of confucius temple in the north, which form theunique atmosphere of confucius temple area different from other cities, that is,the pattern of temple market integration in history.

look at the river in front of the square. it"s called qinhuai river. it"sthe mother river of nanjing people. it"s 110 kilometers long and gave birth tothe early nanjing civilization. the section that flows through the square is apart of the inner qinhuai river. when the temple was built, it was transformedinto panchi, named after the water flowing through the confucius temple in qufu.a red wall on the south bank is a large screen wall built in the wanli period ofthe ming dynasty (1575). it is 110 meters long and majestic. it is the largestscreen wall in china. zhaobi played a role of shelter and decoration, which wasthe beginning of the whole confucius temple complex. the stone railings on thenorth bank of panchi were built in zhengde (1514) of the ming dynasty. aftermany vicissitudes, they became the only best preserved ancient architecturalsketch in the confucius temple complex, which had been repaired before the antijapanese war. here, visitors take a rest on the fence and enjoy the beautifulscenery of qinhuai.

the wende bridge on the west side of panchi is now hanbaiyu bridge. it gotits name from the confucian school"s advocacy of article morality. because thedirection of the bridge is the same as that of the meridian, every november 15of the lunar calendar, when the bright moon is in the sky and you look down fromthe railing, you can see the shadow of the bridge on both sides of the bright moon in the river is divided into two and a half months, which iscalled "wen de fen yue". wu jingzi recorded it in his book scholars. if you havea chance, you might as well come to wende bridge on november 15 of the lunarcalendar to have a look.

a group of hui style buildings at the entrance of south wuyi lane ofwendeqiao is called "wangxie ancient residence". as the settlement area of wangxie and wang xie in the eastern jin dynasty, it has a great influence,especially the verses of wu yi xiang, the famous work of liu yuxi in tangdynasty, which makes wu yi xiang and wang xie"s former residence very famous,and now it is "the historical and cultural exhibition hall of six dynasties innanjing." you can visit it when you have time.

now, to the north of the stone column is the newly rebuilt tianxia wenshusquare, which indicates that it is the cultural center of tianxia. three doorsand four pillars, quite spectacular. in ancient times, it corresponded to thelingxing gate at the back, which was used for the emperors to go on a pilgrimageto worship confucius. the high gate square in the middle was the royal roadwhere the emperor was lucky to come. it was used for the princes of the countyto go in and out. the ordinary officials and subjects could not pass through, soit was usually closed with wooden fences.

the star gathering pavilion on the west side of the square in front of thetemple has a hexagonal cornice, which is simple and elegant. it looks like atwo-layer structure with double cornices on the outside. in fact, it has onlyone floor. the name of the pavilion is the gathering of stars and talents. inthe east, the small courtyard facing the water is kuiguang pavilion. the kuixingpavilion in the pavilion has three floors and six sides, and faces qinhuairiver. the scenery is unique. in ancient times, there was a saying of "kui zhuwen". kuixing, or kuixing, is a sign of prosperity of the literary movement anda symbol of winning the first place in the imperial examination. therefore,kuixing was regarded as a god by the students of the past dynasties. kuiguangpavilion and juxing pavilion look at each other from the east to the west,echoing each other and integrating into one.

the stone square gate in the north of the square in front of the temple isthe first gate of the confucius temple - lingxing gate, with six columns andthree gates. it is simple and beautiful, and the lintel in the middle isengraved with the seal character "lingxing gate". lingxing is the "wenxing" inancient astronomy. the reason why it is named is to show that scholars in theworld gather here. the brick relief inlaid with peony pattern between the threedoors is exquisitely carved and gorgeous. the top of the stone column is made ofcloud plate, which means huabiao, as a sign. this is the gate for the emperor toworship confucius.

after passing the lingxing gate, we came to the dacheng gate of dachenghall.

dachengmen, also known as jimen, is the main gate of confucius temple, withzhijing gate on both sides. in feudal times, only officials could get in and outof dachengmen, while ordinary scholars could only get in and out from otherdoors. entering the gate, there are four ancient steles on the left and right:in the east, there are the stele of fengzhisheng"s wife in 1331, the remnantstele of jiqing confucius temple in 1330, and the stele of kongyuwenli in 484,which was moved by the municipal government. this book is based on the picturestele of confucius asking for rites.

on both sides of the courtyard and corridor are arranged eight ofconfucius" twelve students, namely min sang, ran geng, ran qiu, duan muzi, ranyong, zai yu, yan yan and zhong you. they are all carved from white jade of handynasty. they are very devout and lifelike.

looking forward, the platform in front of the dacheng hall is danlong,commonly known as the terrace. it is 1.4 meters high, 21.8 meters wide from eastto west, and 14.0 meters long from north to south. it is surrounded by stonerailings, 24 cloud looking pillars, and stone lanterns are set at the twocorners of the platform. this terrace is used for sacrifice, singing anddancing. the statue of kongyu in the middle of the terrace is particularlyeye-catching. it"s made of bronze, 4.18 meters long and weighs 37 tons. it"sexquisitely made, lifelike, full-bodied, with a kind and deep face. the eyebrowsreveal the wisdom of a great thinker and leave a very deep impression on both sides of the terrace, there were two verandas, which were used toworship the memorial tablets of the 72 sages in confucius" gate and to storesacrificial, ceremonial and dancing utensils. now it is reduced to a small twoveranda and changed into a stele gallery. there are more than 30 steles with inkmarks of famous calligraphers such as zhao puchu, lin sanzhi and wu zhongqi,which are displayed for tourists to enjoy.

at the end of the terrace is the majestic main hall of confucius templedacheng hall, which is 16.22 meters high, 27.3 meters wide and 27.9 meters is an antique building on the top of chongcaoxie mountain. under the eaves ofthe front, there is a sea blue vertical plaque, which reads "dacheng hall".confucius is the most sage and forerunner of dacheng, and dacheng refers toconfucius. the word "dacheng" comes from "notes. learning notes", which is thehighest level of learning. it can also be seen in mencius wanzhang. "confuciusis the sage of time. confucius called it jidacheng. " there is a beautifulstanding sculpture of "double dragons playing with pearls" in the bird"s kiss onthe roof, which is the first of its kind in china; the light and beautifultendency of the roof covered with green tiles is obviously different from themagnificent tendency of the yellow glazed tiles used in the roof of the northernconfucius temple. it is more easygoing and popular. this is also one of theperformances of nanjing confucius temple closer to popular culture, or "do asthe romans do". the whole building is magnificent with double eaves, crisscrossbrackets, seven couplets in the hall, 26 wooden columns in the corridor, 16lattice doors in the front and back, and purlins in the inner hall. in thecenter of the hall, there is a 6.5-meter-high and 3.5-meter-wide portrait ofconfucius, the largest in china. on the front two sides of the portrait, thereare another four of the 12 students, namely mencius, kongji, zengshen andyanhui. in front of the portrait, there are also ancient musical instrumentssuch as gong, qin, wokonghou, chime, bianzhong, guzheng and drum.

38 inlaid murals reflecting confucius" life stories are hung on thesurrounding walls, which are called "confucius" holy trace". they are made ofinner jade from zhejiang, fujian, inner mongolia, liaoning, qinghai, guangxi,guangdong and other provinces (regions), famous crystals from jixueleng,shoushan stone, feicuilv, zhoucunleng and precious jewelry such as gold,jewelry, luodian, etc. by 2oo craftsmen in yueqing, zhejiang province. it takesthree years the total investment is 5.8 million yuan. the picture adopts thechinese classical panoramic composition method, supplemented by the detaileddescription of textual research, with fine workmanship, natural color, richthree-dimensional sense, giving people a sense of lifelike magic. each sheet is2.5 meters high and 1.3 meters wide. there are 408 figures in the painting. theshape is natural and lifelike. the 38 murals are the picture of the holy trace,the preface to the title, the prayer of nishan, the qilin yushu, the erlongwulao, the juntian shengjiang, the zudou xueli, the functionary commissar, thename rongfu, the functionary chengtian, the questioner laofu, wenshao in qi, yanyingju feng in yan, the retreat of shishu, jiagu huiqi, returning to tianxiegouo, zhushaozhengmao; the female music wenma, and yingu qulu. help peopleout. in song dynasty, people felled trees, attacked the falcon, struck the chimeby shiwei, learned to play qin by xiang, drove back to xihe, asked linggongabout chen, zilu about jin, in chenjueliang, zixijufeng, songqiuling, xingtanritual music, kneeling by chihong, xishou huolin, mengdian liangying, zhirenbiegui, han gaosi to lu. this is just like the couplet in the temple, which saysthat "qi bei si shi xing heaven and earth, ghosts and gods, sun and moon are inaccordance with their virtue; teach the world to follow yao, shun, yu and tangwenwu as teachers". the truth is that "the tao of heaven and earth runs throughthe ancient and modern times, and the six classics are deleted and listed in theconstitution for all ages.".

from the north gate of dacheng hall, you can enter xuegong district throughdongshi.

dongshi and xishi have been changed from the east and west passagewayswhich used to enter and leave the academy to the places where the ships can sellgoods on the qinhuai river. now they have become the most distinctive places forarts and crafts, cultural goods sales and cultural activities in the confuciustemple area.

the school palace was a place to cultivate talents in feudal times. therewere different levels, such as county school, government school (road school,state school, etc.) and national school. they were all adjacent to confuciustemple, which showed the orthodox status of confucianism in building the countryand cultivating self. the school palace includes mingde hall, zunjing pavilion,jingyi pavilion, chongsheng temple and qingyun tower. entering the gate of theschool is the ancient mingde hall. it is a place for scholars to listen to theirtutors" preaching of holy teachings and instructions (ethics and governmentdecrees) after their monthly pilgrimage to the sun (i.e. confucius), so as tocultivate their loyalty and patriotism. as for the name of mingdetang, sometourists may ask that there is only "minglun hall" in the confucius templecomplex. why nanjing confucius temple is an exception, which is called"mingdetang"? indeed, in nanjing confucius temple, mingdetang was originallyalso called "minglun hall". it was just wen tianxiang, the prime minister of thesouthern song dynasty, who was imprisoned when the yuan army was about toconquer nanjing, in order to show that he would rather die than surrender hechanged "ming lun tang" into "ming de tang" in order to show his loyalty to thecountry and serve the people. zunjing pavilion, built in the middle of mingdynasty, is 18.7 meters high, with double eaves and t-shaped ridges on the topof the mountain. it is an extraordinary hall for storing confucian classics andteaching lectures. it is now an exhibition hall of folk customs. standing sideby side with zunjing pavilion are chongsheng temple and qingyun tower. zunjingacademy is divided into two sides behind zunjing pavilion. in the qing dynasty,qingyun building was changed into a library, and zunjing academy was used as alecture center, which is equivalent to the classroom now. the small highlandbehind the zunjing pavilion, called weishan, has a jingyi pavilion. allconfucian temples in the world have jingyi pavilion. it began in the jiajingperiod of the ming dynasty. in the pavilion, the emperor"s motto of "jingyizhen" was set up as the motto of the students. the so-called "respect one" isthe dedication to confucianism.

after touring the academy, walk tens of meters to the east past gongyuanwest street, which is jiangnan gongyuan. during this period of time, i wouldlike to introduce to you some other information about the confucius temple. inaddition to the buildings of confucius temple, there are more noticeable folkcustoms, characteristic markets and snacks in the area.

dear friends, this is the end of the tour of confucius temple. thank youfor your support and cooperation!

標(biāo)簽： 夫子廟的 江南貢院